Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by high levels of blood sugar resulting from the body's inability to properly utilize insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing cells to take in glucose for energy. In type 2 diabetes, the body either becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough of it, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. This form of diabetes is typically seen in adults, although it is becoming increasingly common in children and adolescents due to rising obesity rates and sedentary lifestyles. Risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes include being overweight, having a family history of diabetes, and leading an inactive lifestyle. Treatment for type 2 diabetes often includes lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, as well as medications to help control blood sugar levels. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease, developing new treatments and strategies for prevention, and improving overall outcomes for individuals living with type 2 diabetes.